HanJa Used in Korean Genealogy
HanJa Identifying Individuals and Names
HanJa |
HanGul | Pronunciation | Definition & Usage |
子 | 자 | Ja | Son
Precedes a typically 1 or 2 syllable given name of record (보명, BoMyung) of a son
|
女 | 녀or 여 | Nyeo or Yeo | Daughter
Precedes a typically 1 or 2 syllable given name of record (보명, BoMyung) of a daughter. For a married daughter, it could also precede the full name of her husband (surname and given name of husband or clan, surname, and given name of husband) in addition to or instead of her name. Check table 4.2 for family names. Note that sometimes instead of the daughter’s name her husband’s full name is listed after this HanJa. If a full name (surname and given name) is listed rather than just a given name it is most likely the daughter’s husband’s name. The daughter’s husband (사위) may have an even more fully specified name by listing the clan before his surname, too. |
字 | 자 | Ja | Name used at home
Precedes a typically 1 or 2 syllable given name (not a surname) by which the individual was called by at home (comparable to a nickname). This name was given at age 20 as part of a coming of age ceremony관례(冠禮). |
號 | 호 | Ho | Common name
Precedes a typically 1 or 2 syllable given name (not a surname) by which the individual was commonly called by. |
一名 | 일명 | IlMyung | Another name / also known as
Precedes a typically 1 or 2 syllable additional given name (not a surname). |
初名 | 초명 | ChoMyung | First name |
諱 | 휘 | Hwui | Name used after death
Precedes a typically 1 or 2 syllable given name (not a surname) by which the individual was given after he has passed away. |
諡號 | 시호 | ShiHo | Wife’s name after death.
Precedes a typically 1 or 2 syllable given name (not a surname) that the wife was given after she has passed away. |
諡 | 시 | Shi | Wife’s name after death
Precedes a typically 1 or 2 syllable given name (not a surname) that the wife was given after she has passed away. |
氏 | 씨 | Sshi | Clan, Family, Mister
Used after a family name (성) or a clan/branch (본) and family name (성). Examples: 金氏=김씨=Kim (김) family (씨) 慶州金氏=경주김씨=Kim (김) family (씨) branch that can trace its founding back to KyeongJu (경주) city. |
人 | 인 | In | Person
人 (인, In) is translated literally as “person” and can be translated as “a person from” or “a person who belongs to”. In genealogical records it is often a suffix used after a clan name. Normally the clan name is the name of the town where the family originated anciently. Note that the clan name and family name are needed to locate the JokBo record for a family, so this is a particularly useful piece of information to help genealogists link people across families in multiple JokBo records. |
婿 | 서 | Seo | Daughter’s Husband
(Son-in-law) Precedes the full name of the son-in-law who married a daughter. In this case the daugher’s name is not recorded but the son-in-law’s full name is recorded. |
配 | 배 | Bae | First (정실) Wife
This normally precedes the wife’s name and sometimes the wife and her father’s name or just her father’s name. Note that the wife keeps her maiden name, so her family name is recorded, which provides the precious information needed to find her family’s JokBo to trace her genealogy, too. Further note that in her father’s JokBo record, it could list her name as his daughter or it could list her husband’s full name, or both. Having her father’s full name and branch/clan is extremely useful in locating her genealogy.
Example: 配宻陽朴明花父錫恒 배밀양박명화부석항 First wife (配, 배, Bae) from the MilYang branch/clan of the Pak family (宻陽朴, 밀양박, MilYang Pak) with the family name Pak (朴, 박, Pak) and the Given name MyeongHwa (明花, 명화, MyeongHwa) who is the daughter of Pak SeokHang (錫恒, 석항, SeokHang).
|
后配 | 후배 | HuBae | Other Wife (Not First Wife)
See “Bae” above for details about how a wife’s name is recorded. |
室 | 실 | Shil | First (정실) Wife
See “Bae” above for details about how a wife’s name is recorded. |
再室 | 재실 | JaeShil | Other Wife (Not First Wife)
See “Bae” above for details about how a wife’s name is recorded. |
??? 配 | ??? 배 | ??? Bae | 2nd Wife
See “Bae” above for details about how a wife’s name is recorded. |
三配 | 삼배 | SamBae | 3rd Wife
See “Bae” above for details about how a wife’s name is recorded. |
壻 | 서 | Seo | Daughter’s Husband (Son-in-Law) |
嫡 | 적 | Jeok | Child of First Wife |
庶 | 서 | Seo | Child of Other Wife (Not First Wife) |
出系 | 출계 | ChulGyae | Child Sent to Son-less Sibling or Close Family for Adoption |
出后 | 출후 | ChulHu | Child Sent to Son-less Sibling or Close Family for Adoption |
爲后 | 위후 | WuiHu | Adopted Child Received from Sibling or Close Family
This is normally placed after the name of the child. |
系子 | 계자 | GyaeJa | Adopted Child Received from Sibling or Close Family
This is normally placed after the name of the child. |
无后 | 무후 | MuHu | No Children |
養子 or子養 | 양자
or자양 |
YangJa or JaYang | Adopted Child Received from Sibling or Close Family |
奉祀 | 봉사 | BongSa | Service Memorial
If someone dies without having children, close relatives will hold ancestral rites / annual memorial services for them as a service since they don’t have children to perform this service for them. It may list the given name of the relative who performs this service after this designation. |
父 | 부 | Bu | Father |
祖 | 조 | Jo | Grandfather |
曾祖 | 증조 | JeungJo | Great Grandfather |
高祖 | 고조 | GoJo | Great, Great Grandfather |
外祖 | 외조 | WaeJo | Mother’s Father (Maternal Grandfather) |
生父 | 생부 | SaengBu | Birth Father / Real Father |
系男 | 계남 | GyaeNam | Adopted Son |
HanJa for Life Events (Birth, Death)
HanJa |
HanGul | Pronunciation | Definition & Usage |
生 | 생 | Saeng | Birth
Typically follows and sometimes precedes the date of birth. |
出生 | 출생 | ChulSaeng | Birth |
卒 | 졸 | Jol | Death
Most used character to designate the death date. It is typically preceded by and sometimes followed by the date of death. |
亡 | 망 | Mang | Death
Designates the death date. It is typically preceded by and sometimes followed by the date of death. |
享年 | 향년 | HyangNyeon | Death before age 70
Designates the death date for someone who died before the age of 70. It is typically preceded by and sometimes followed by the date of death. Note that this can be particularly useful in converting to solar years from the recorded lunar years, as lunar years are repeated in a 60 year cycle. |
壽 | 수 | Su | Death after age 70
Designates the death date for someone who died after the age of 70. It is typically preceded by and sometimes followed by the date of death. Note that this can be particularly useful in converting to solar years from the recorded lunar years, as lunar years are repeated in a 60 year cycle. |
夭 | 요 | Yo | Death in Youth
Designates death before age 20. This is typically placed after the name in the JokBo. |
早夭 | 조요 | JoYo | Death in Youth
Designates death before age 20. This is typically placed after the name in the JokBo. |
墓 | 묘 | Myo | Grave
Normally precedes the location of a grave site. It could include gravesite row and column designations that aren’t always numeric in addition to a cemetary, mountain, village, or mountainside park name. |
墓柎 | 묘부 | MyoBu | |
左 | 좌 | Jwa | Location or Vicinity
Normally follows the location of a grave site. |
忌 | 기 | Gi | Memorial Day
Designates the date of ancestoral rites or memorial services |
火葬 | 화장 | HwaJang | Cremation / Funeral with Incineration
Normally follows the memorial date. |
HanJa for Dates
HanJa |
HanGul | Pronunciation | Definition & Usage |
日 | 일 | Il | Day |
月 | 월 | Wol | Month |
年 | 년 | Nyeon | Year |
甲 | 갑 | Gap | 1st of 10 간 ”Heavenly Cycle” characters: Wood (+). A Heavenly and Earthly Cycle Character are placed together to identify a year in a 60-year cycle. |
乙 | 을 | Eul | 2nd of 10 간 ”Heavenly Cycle” characters: Wood (-). A Heavenly and Earthly Cycle Character are placed together to identify a year in a 60-year cycle. |
丙 | 병 | Byeong | 3rd of 10 간 ”Heavenly Cycle” characters: Fire (+). A Heavenly and Earthly Cycle Character are placed together to identify a year in a 60-year cycle. |
丁 | 정 | Jeong | 4th of 10 간 ”Heavenly Cycle” characters: Fire (-). A Heavenly and Earthly Cycle Character are placed together to identify a year in a 60-year cycle. |
戊 | 무 | Mu | 5th of 10 간 ”Heavenly Cycle” characters: Earth (+). A Heavenly and Earthly Cycle Character are placed together to identify a year in a 60-year cycle. |
己 | 기 | Gi | 6th of 10 간 ”Heavenly Cycle” characters: Earth (-). A Heavenly and Earthly Cycle Character are placed together to identify a year in a 60-year cycle (六十甲子, 육십갑자) (干支, 간지). |
庚 | 경 | Gyeong | 7th of 10 간 ”Heavenly Cycle” characters: Metal (+). A Heavenly and Earthly Cycle Character are placed together to identify a year in a 60-year cycle (六十甲子, 육십갑자) (干支, 간지).. |
辛 | 신 | Shin | 8th of 10 간 ”Heavenly Cycle” characters: Metal (-). A Heavenly and Earthly Cycle Character are placed together to identify a year in a 60-year cycle (六十甲子, 육십갑자) (干支, 간지).. |
壬 | 임 | Im | 9th of 10 간 ”Heavenly Cycle” characters: Water (+). A Heavenly and Earthly Cycle Character are placed together to identify a year in a 60-year cycle (六十甲子, 육십갑자) (干支, 간지).. |
癸 | 계 | Gyae | 10th of 10 간 ”Heavenly Cycle” characters: Water (-). A Heavenly and Earthly Cycle Character are placed together to identify a year in a 60-year cycle (六十甲子, 육십갑자) (干支, 간지).. |
子 | 자 | Ja | 1st of 12 지 “Earthly Cycle” characters: Rat (鼠). A Heavenly and Earthly Cycle Character are placed together to identify a year in a 60-year cycle (六十甲子, 육십갑자) (干支, 간지).. |
丑 | 축 | Chuk | 2nd of 12 지 “Earthly Cycle” characters: Ox (牛). A Heavenly and Earthly Cycle Character are placed together to identify a year in a 60-year cycle (六十甲子, 육십갑자) (干支, 간지).. |
寅 | 인 | In | 3rd of 12 지 “Earthly Cycle” characters: Tiger (虎). A Heavenly and Earthly Cycle Character are placed together to identify a year in a 60-year cycle (六十甲子, 육십갑자) (干支, 간지).. |
卯 | 묘 | Myo | 4th of 12 지 “Earthly Cycle” characters: Rabbit (兔). A Heavenly and Earthly Cycle Character are placed together to identify a year in a 60-year cycle (六十甲子, 육십갑자) (干支, 간지).. |
辰 | 진 | Jin | 5th of 12 지 “Earthly Cycle” characters: Dragon (龍). A Heavenly and Earthly Cycle Character are placed together to identify a year in a 60-year cycle (六十甲子, 육십갑자) (干支, 간지).. |
巳 | 사 | Sa | 6th of 12 지 “Earthly Cycle” characters: Snake (蛇). A Heavenly and Earthly Cycle Character are placed together to identify a year in a 60-year cycle (六十甲子, 육십갑자) (干支, 간지).. |
午 | 오 | Oh | 7th of 12 지 “Earthly Cycle” characters: Horse (馬). A Heavenly and Earthly Cycle Character are placed together to identify a year in a 60-year cycle (六十甲子, 육십갑자) (干支, 간지).. |
未 | 미 | Mi | 8th of 12 지 “Earthly Cycle” characters: Goat (羊). A Heavenly and Earthly Cycle Character are placed together to identify a year in a 60-year cycle (六十甲子, 육십갑자) (干支, 간지).. |
申 | 신 | Shin | 9th of 12 지 “Earthly Cycle” characters: Monkey (猴). A Heavenly and Earthly Cycle Character are placed together to identify a year in a 60-year cycle (六十甲子, 육십갑자) (干支, 간지).. |
酉 | 유 | Yu | 10th of 12 지 “Earthly Cycle” characters: Rooster (雞). A Heavenly and Earthly Cycle Character are placed together to identify a year in a 60-year cycle (六十甲子, 육십갑자) (干支, 간지).. |
戌 | 술 | Sul | 11th of 12 지 “Earthly Cycle” characters: Dog (狗). A Heavenly and Earthly Cycle Character are placed together to identify a year in a 60-year cycle (六十甲子, 육십갑자) (干支, 간지).. |
亥 | 해 | Hae | 12th of 12 지 “Earthly Cycle” characters: Pig (豬). A Heavenly and Earthly Cycle Character are placed together to identify a year in a 60-year cycle (六十甲子, 육십갑자) (干支, 간지).. |
HanJa for Numbers
HanJa | HanGul | Pronunciation | Number |
零 or 〇 | 영 or공 | Yeong or Gong | 0 |
一 or 壹 or 壱 | 일 | Eel | 1 |
二 or 貳 or 弍 | 이 | Ee | 2 |
三 or 叁 or 參 or 参 | 삼 | Sam | 3 |
四 or 肆 | 사 | Sa | 4 |
五 or 伍 | 오 | Oh | 5 |
六 or 陸 | 육 | Yuk | 6 |
七 or 柒 | 칠 | Chil | 7 |
八 or 捌 | 팔 | Pal | 8 |
九 or 玖 | 구 | Gu | 9 |
十 or 拾 | 십 | Ship | 10 |
廿 or 卄 or 念 | 입 | Ip | 20 |
卅 | 삽 | Sap | 30 |
卌 | 십 | Ship | 40 |
圩 | 50 | ||
圓 | 60 | ||
進 | 70 | ||
枯 | 80 | ||
樺 | 90 | ||
百 or 佰 | 백 | Baek | 100 |
千 or 阡 | 천 | Cheon | 1,000 |
萬 | 만 | Man | 10,000 |
HanJa for Genealogical Records
HanJa |
HanGul | Pronunciation | Definition & Usage |
祭祀 | 제사 | JaeSa | Memorial Ceremony
Memorial service or ceremony held annually after a 3 year mourning period. |
祖上 | 조상 | JoSang | Ancestor |
보명
족보이름 |
BoMyung
JokBo IReum |
Name of Record
Given name of record. This is normally a one or two syllable given name recorded in large font size at the beginning of an individual’s record in a JokBo. |
|
生員 | 생원 | SaengWueon | Title for a person who passed a civil examination or a respectful title for elderly |
進士 | 진사 | JinSa | Title for a person who passed the primary state examination only |
奉士 | 봉사 | BongSa | Title for a male = ?? |
參奉 | 참봉 | ChamBong | Title for a male = ?? |
直長 | 직장 | JikJang | Title for a male = ?? |
主簿 | 주부 | JuBu | Title for a male = ?? |
僉旨 | 첨지 | CheomJi | Title for a male = ?? |
參議 | 참의 | ChamUi | Title for a male = ?? |
副司 | 부사 | BuSa | Title for a male = ?? |
參判 | 참판 | ChamPan | Title for a male = ?? |
通德郞 | 통덕랑 | TongDeokLang | Title for a male = ?? |
通政大夫 | 통정대부 | TongJeongDaeBu | Title for a male = ?? |
嘉善大夫 | 가선대부 | GaSeonDaeBu | Title for a male = ?? |
淑婦人 | 숙부인 | SugBuIn | Title for a spouse = ?? |
貞婦人 | 정부인 | JeongBuIn | Title for a spouse = ?? |
代 | 대 | Dae | Generation |
世 | 세 | Sae | Generation |
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This is great. Thanks!